Karnali river

                   Karnali River



 The **Karnali River** is one of the major rivers in **Nepal** and a significant tributary of the **Ganges River system**. Here are some key details about it:


### **1. Origin & Course:**

- The Karnali originates from **Mt. Kailash** in **Tibet (China)** and flows through **western Nepal**.

- It is formed by the confluence of the **Humla Karnali** and **Mugu Karnali** rivers.

- It enters India (where it is called the **Ghaghara River**) and joins the **Ganges River** near **Chhapra, Bihar**.


### **2. Length & Drainage:**

- Total length: **~1,080 km** (about **507 km** in Nepal).

- It is the **longest river in Nepal**.

- Drainage area: **~127,950 km²** (covering parts of Nepal, Tibet, and India).


### **3. Major Tributaries:**

- **Seti River**

- **Bheri River**

- **West Rapti River**

- **Sarju River (India)**


### **4. Importance:**

- **Water Source:** Vital for irrigation, drinking water, and hydropower in western Nepal.

- **Biodiversity:** Home to endangered species like the **Ganges River Dolphin** and **mugger crocodile**.

- **Adventure Tourism:** Popular for **white-water rafting** and **fishing**.

- **Hydropower Potential:** Several projects are planned, including the **Upper Karnali Hydropower Project (900 MW)**.


### **5. Challenges:**

- **Flooding** during monsoon.

- **Sedimentation** and **erosion** issues.

- **Environmental threats** from pollution and dam construction.


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